crafting+and+experimenting

if you want a craft put up put it in the discusion

30 minute crafts

Bath Salts What you'll need:
 * 1/2 cup Epsom salts
 * 1/2 cup sea salts (available in bath and drug stores)
 * 2 drops green food coloring
 * 2 drops fragrance oil (available in bath stores)
 * Spoon
 * Bowl
 * Funnel
 * Decorative bottle

Instructions: Mix all the ingredients together in a bowl with a spoon. Blend well. Pour bath salts into a decorative bottle using a funnel. Tap the bottom of the bottle to settle the contents.

Bubble Bath What you'll need:
 * 1/2 cup distilled water
 * 1/2 cup mild liquid soap
 * 1 tablespoon glycerin
 * 3 or more drops fragrance oil
 * 2 drops red food coloring
 * 1 drop blue food coloring
 * Bowl
 * Spoon
 * Funnel
 * Decorative bottle

Instructions: Mix all the ingredients together in a bowl with a spoon. Blend well. Pour the bubble bath into a decorative bottle using a funnel.

Body Powder What you'll need:
 * 1/2 cup baking soda
 * 1/2 cup cornstarch
 * Bowl
 * Spoon
 * Decorative bottle
 * Funnel

Instructions: Mix together soda and cornstarch. Pour the mixture into a decorative bottle using a funnel. Gently tap the bottom of the bottle periodically to help settle the powder mixture.

Pinwheel > diagram . Cut each along bold lines. From paper, cut circle, 1.5 cm (5/8-inch) in diameter. >
 * You need:**
 * Coloured acetate report cover (available at stationery stores)
 * Dowel, approx 1/4-inch in diameter and 12-inches long
 * 3/4-inch finishing nail and hammer
 * Small bead that fits over nail
 * 1.** From acetate, cut 2 squares, as shown on
 * 2.** With edges even, stack squares and proceed, using both as 1 square. Bend 4 corners to same side of square, matching each X to centre dot; tape in place. Push finishing nail through centre of circle, through Xs, centre dot and bead, then gently hammer into dowel end.

> **red cabage experiment** > > **Acids** are materials that have certain properties in common. **Bases** (also called alkalis) are other substances with a different set of properties. In these experiments, you will investigate some of these properties with materials that are found around your home. In addition, you will learn how chemists use the **pH scale** to describe acids and bases. The most striking property of both acids and bases is their ability to change the color of certain vegetable materials. A common vegetable whose color responds to acids and bases is red cabbage. The first step in this experiment is to prepare an extract of red cabbage, so you can investigate its color changes. Place about 500 milliliters (2 cups) of red cabbage cut into 2.5-centimeter (1-inch) cubes into a blender or food processor. Add about 250 milliliters (1 cup) of water and blend the mixture until the cabbage has been chopped into uniformly tiny pieces. Strain the mixture by pouring it through a sieve. This strained liquid, the red-cabbage extract, will be used for exploring acids and bases. Examine the label of a bottle of white vinegar. The label probably says that it contains acetic acid. This indicates that vinegar is an acid and has properties of an acid. Let's see what effect an acid has on the color of the red cabbage extract. Pour 125 milliliters (½ cup) of vinegar into a colorless drinking glass. Add 5 milliliters (1 teaspoon) of red cabbage extract, stir the mixture, and note its color. What is the color of the mixture. (Write your answer in the box.)

> The color of the cabbage extract with vinegar is the color the extract has when it is mixed with an acid. Save the mixture in this glass to use as a reference in the rest of the experiment. Now examine the effect of laundry ammonia on the color of red cabbage. Pour 125 milliliters (½ cup) of laundry ammonia into another colorless drinking glass. Add 5 milliliters (1 teaspoon) of red cabbage extract and stir the mixture. Write the color of this mixture in the box.

> Laundry ammonia is a base (alkali). The color of this mixture is the color of cabbage extract when it is mixed with a base. The color of cabbage extract indicates whether something mixed with it is an acid or a base. Cabbage extract can be called an **acid-base indicator**. Save the mixture in this second glass to use as a reference. Now test the properties of a solid, baking soda. Place 5 cubic centimeters (1 teaspoon) of baking soda in a glass and add 125 milliliters (½ cup) of water. Stir the mixture until the baking soda has dissolved. Then, add 5 milliliters (1 teaspoon) of red cabbage extract to the solution. Write the color of the mixture in the box.

> The color obtained with baking soda is different from the color obtained with vinegar and from the color obtained with ammonia. Red cabbage extract can indicate whether a substance is an acid (like vinegar) or a base (like ammonia). It can also show how strong an acid or a base a substance is. Chemists use the **pH scale** to express how acidic (like an acid) or basic (like a base) a substance is. A pH value below 7 means that a substance is acidic, and the smaller the number, the more acidic it is. A pH value above 7 means that a substance is basic, and the larger the number, the more basic it is. Red cabbage extract has different colors at different pH values. These colors and approximate pH values are:


 * approximate pH: ||  || 2 ||   || 4 ||   || 6 ||   || 8 ||   || 10 ||   || 12 ||

> || color of extract: || red || purple || violet || blue || blue-green || green ||

Based on this information, what is the approximate pH of vinegar? What is the approximate pH of ammonia? What is the approximate pH of the baking soda mixture? Use the instructions for testing vinegar and ammonia to test the pH of several other nearly colorless liquids, such as lemon-lime soft drink (Sprite or 7-Up) and lemon juice. Record your observations. Liquids that are white, such as milk, can be tested in the same way. You can also test solids that dissolve in water by following the instructions for baking soda. This will also work with viscous liquids such as liquid detergents. Test other substances around the house, such as sugar, table salt, shampoo, hair rinse, milk of magnesia, antacid tablets, and aspirin.


 * Material ||  || Extract color ||   || pH ||   ||   ||   || Material ||   || Extract color ||   || pH ||

> >


 * CAUTION: Some household products can cause skin irritations. Do not allow these to contact skin; rinse thoroughly with water if they do.**

Nearly everyone has enjoyed playing with soap bubbles. These fragile spheres of soap film filled with air are both beautiful and captivating. However, few people have observed them closely or at length, because soap bubbles are fragile and very light. When you blow soap bubbles out of doors, the slightest breeze carries them away. If you blow them indoors in still air, the bubbles soon settle onto a surface and break. However, because they are very light, soap bubbles will float on a gas that is only slightly more dense than the air that fills them. Such a gas is carbon dioxide. When soap bubbles settle into a container of carbon dioxide, the bubbles float on the carbon dioxide and can be examined closely. Under this close examination, soap bubbles reveal many properties that are not otherwise easily seen. To float soap bubbles, you will need the following materials: Set the large container on a table away from drafts and where you can easily look through its sides. Place the glass dish inside on the bottom of the large transparent container. Put 125 milliliters (½ cup) of baking soda in the glass dish. Pour 250 milliliters (1 cup) of vinegar into the dish with the baking soda. The mixture of soda and vinegar will immediately start to fizz as they react and form carbon dioxide gas. Carbon dioxide is more dense than air and so it will be held in the large container as long as it is not disturbed by drafts of air over the container. Because carbon dioxide is colorless, you cannot see it inside the container. However, you will soon be able to detect its presence with soap bubbles. After the fizzing in the dish has subsided (about a minute), gently blow several soap bubbles over the opening of the large container, so that they settle into the container. This may take a bit of practice. (Do not blow directly into the container, you will blow the carbon dioxide out of it.) When a soap bubble settles into the container it will not sink to the bottom, as it would in air. Instead, it will float on the surface of the invisible carbon dioxide in the container. While the bubble is floating on the carbon dioxide in the container, you can observe the soap bubble closely. Note what the bubble looks like. What color is the bubble? Can you see more than one color on the bubble? Do the colors change? Notice the size of the bubble. Does its size change? Observe the position of the bubble. Does it stay at the same level in the container? Does it rise or sink? When you have finished observing the bubbles, dispose of the mixture in the glass dish by rinsing it down the drain with water. The colors of a soap bubble come from reflections of the white light that falls on the bubble. White light, such as from the sun or from a light bulb, contains light of all colors. Light has waves, and the length of the wave, from crest to crest, determines the color of the light. When light reflects from a bubble, some of each wave reflects at the outside surface of the soap film. Some light travels through the soap film, and reflects from the inside surface of the film. Interference between waves occurs whenever waves travel through the same space. Interference occurs when two rocks are tossed near each other into a lake. Circular waves on the surface of the water spread out from where each rock entered the water. Where the crests of two waves meet, interference between the waves causes the motion of the surface of the water to increase. Where a crest and a valley meet, interference reduces the motion of the water's surface. Similar interference can occur in waves of light. Waves of light reflected from the inner and outer surfaces of the film of a soap bubble can interfere with each other. Where the crests of the light waves reflected from the inner and outer surfaces of the film meet, the intensity of the light increases. If the crest of a wave reflected from the inner surface meets the valley of a wave from the outer surface, the intensity of the light will be diminished. Whether the crest of a wave meets another crest or a valley is determined by the length of the wave and by the thickness of the film. If the thickness of the film is a multiple of the wavelength of the light, the crests of waves reflected from the inner surface will meet the crests of waves reflected from the outer surfaces. If the thickness of the film is an odd multiple of half the wavelength, the crests of the waves reflected from the inner surface will meet the valleys of the waves reflected from the outer surface. Because the thickness of the film varies and the wavelength of the light determines its color, different areas of the bubble will have different colors. The colors of a film of oil on a wet parking lot are produced in the same way as the colors of a soap bubble. If your soap bubbles remained floating on the carbon dioxide for more than a minute, you may have noticed that the bubbles were slowly becoming larger. You also may have noticed that the bubbles slowly sank into the container. Both the growth and the sinking of the bubbles is a result of the same process. When you blew the bubble, it was filled with air. When it settled into the container of carbon dioxide, the bubble was surrounded by this gas. The bubble grows because carbon dioxide moves into the bubble (through the soap film) faster than air moves out of the bubble. Carbon dioxide can move through the soap film more quickly than air, because it is more soluble in water than is air. (Water is the major component of the bubble-soap solution.) As the amount of carbon dioxide in the bubble increases, the bubble becomes heavier and sinks lower into the carbon dioxide in which it is floating.
 * soap bubble solution
 * a wand for blowing soap bubbles
 * a large transparent container with an open top (an empty 38-liter [10-gallon] aquarium works nicely)
 * 125 milliliters (½ cup) of baking soda (sodium bicarbonate)
 * 250 milliliters (1 cup) vinegar
 * shallow glass dish to fit inside large container (such as a glass baking dish)


 * For additional information, see //CHEMICAL DEMONSTRATIONS: A Handbook for Teachers of Chemistry//, Volume 2, by Bassam Z. Shakhashiri, The University of Wisconsin Press, 2537 Daniels Street, Madison, Wisconsin 53704.

||

=Knit an Aran pillow= Cuddle up with this cosy handknit pillow. By Patons Design Studio (Design) Bring home a classic Aran handknit and cosy up all winter long. Our cabled pillow was designed exclusively for Canadian Living readers. Finished pillow is approx 40.5 cm/16 ins square. • 3 balls pure wool Patons Classic Merino Wool yarn (100 g) or acrylic/wool blend Patons Decor yarn (100 g) • One pair of 5 mm needles • Cable needle • Tapestry needle • Pillow form, 16 ins square • 14 cm/5-1/2 ins square of cardboard
 * You need:**

TENSION: 19 sts and 25 rows = 10 cm/4 ins in box st pat. Work to exact tension with specified yarn to obtain satisfactory results. Cr9B = slip next 6 sts onto cn and leave at back of work, k3, slip last 3 sts from cn to left-hand needle, p3, knit rem 3 sts from cn. Cr6F = slip next 3 sts onto cn and leave at front of work, p3, k3 from cn. Cr6B = slip next 3 sts onto cn and leave at back of work, k3, p3 from cn. C6B = slip next 3 sts onto cn and leave at back of work, k3, k3 from cn. C6F = slip next 3 sts onto cn and leave at front of work, k3, k3 from cn. With pair of needles, cast on 85 sts. [k3,p3] 3 times. Continue in pat until work from beg measures approx 39.5 cm/15-1/2 ins, ending on Row 3; cast off in pat. With pair of needles, cast on 75 sts. Continue in pat until work from beg measures same length as front, ending on Row 6 or Row 12; cast off in pat.
 * To save time, take time to check tension.**
 * SPECIAL ABBREVIATIONS**
 * To make:**
 * Cable Panel Front:**
 * Row 1 (wrong side):** [K3,p3] 3 times, k3, p6, k11, p3, k3, p3, k11, p6, k3,[p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 2:** [P3,k3] 3 times, p3, k6, p11, Cr9B, p11, k6, p3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 3:** As Row 1.
 * Row 4:** [P3,k3] 3 times, p3, C6B, p11, k3, p3, k3, p11, C6B, p3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 5:** As Row 1.
 * Row 6:** [P3,k3] 3 times, p3, k6, p11, k3, p3, k3, p11, k6, p3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 7:** [P3,k3] 3 times, k3, p6, k11, p3, k3, p3, k11, p6, k3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 8:** [K3,p3] 3 times, p3, k6, p8, k3, Cr9B, k3, p8, k6, p3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 9:** [P3,k3] 3 times, k3, p6, k8, p6, k3, p6, k8, p6, k3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 10:** [K3,p3] 3 times, p3, C6B, p8, k6, p3, k6, p8, C6B, p3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 11:** As Row 9.
 * Row 12:** [K3,p3] 3 times, p3, k6, p8, k6, p3, k6, p8, k6, p3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 13:** [K3,p3] 3 times, k3, p6, k8, p6, k3, p6, k8, p6, k3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 14:** [P3,k3] 3 times, p3, k6, p5, k3, Cr6B, k3, Cr6F, k3, p5, k6, p3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 15:** [K3,p3] 3 times, k3, p6, k5, p6, k3, p3, k3, p6, k5, p6, k3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 16:** [P3,k3] 3 times, p3, C6B, p5, k6, p3, k3, p3, k6, p5, C6B, p3,
 * Row 17:** As Row 15.
 * Row 18:** [P3,k3] 3 times, p3, k6, p5, k6, p3, k3, p3, k6, p5, k6, p3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 19:** [P3,k3[ 3 times, k3, p6, k5, p6, k3, p3, k3, p6, k5, p6, k3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 20:** [K3,p3] 3 times, p3, k6, p2, k3, Cr6B, k3, p3, k3, Cr6F, k3, p2, k6, p3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 21:** [P3,k3] 3 times, k3, p6, k2, p6, [k3,p3] twice, k3, p6, k2, p6, k3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 22:** [K3,p3] 3 times, p3, C6B, p2, k6, [p3,k3] twice, p3, k6, p2, C6B, p3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 23:** As Row 21.
 * Row 24:** [K3,p3] 3 times, p3, k6, p2, k6, [p3,k3] twice, p3, k6, p2, k6, p3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 25:** [K3,p3] 3 times, k3, p6, k2, p6, [k3,p3] twice, k3, p6, k2, p6, k3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 26:** [P3,k3] 3 times, p3, k6, p2, Cr6B, [k3,p3] twice, k3, Cr6F, p2, k6, p3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 27:** [K3,p3] 3 times, k3, p6, k2, [p3,k3] 4 times, p3, k2, p6, k3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 28:** [P3,k3] 3 times, p3, C6B, p2, [k3,p3] 4 times, k3, p2, C6B, p3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 29:** As Row 27.
 * Row 30:** [P3,k3] 3 times, p3, k6, p2, [k3,p3] 4 times, k3, p2, k6, p3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 31:** [P3,k3] 3 times, k3, p6, k2, [p3,k3] 4 times, p3, k2, p6, k3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 32:** [K3,p3] 3 times, p3, k6, p2, C6F, [p3,k3] twice, p3, C6B, p2, k6, p3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 33:** [P3,k3] 3 times, k3, p6, k2, p6, [k3,p3] twice, k3, p6, k2, p6, k3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 34:** [K3,p3] 3 times, p3, C6B, p2, k6, [p3,k3] twice, p3, k6, p2, C6B, p3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 35:** As Row 33.
 * Row 36:** [K3,p3] 3 times, p3, k6, p2, k6, [p3,k3]) twice, p3, k6, p2, k6, p3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 37:** [K3,p3] 3 times, k3, p6, k2, p6, [k3,p3] twice, k3, p6, k2, p6, k3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 38:** [P3,k3] 3 times, p3, k6, p5, C6F, p3, k3, p3, C6B, p5, k6, p3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 39:** [K3,p3] 3 times, k3, p6, k5, p6, k3, p3, k3, p6, k5, p6, k3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 40:** [P3,k3] 3 times, p3, C6B, p5, k6, p3, k3, p3, k6, p5, C6B, p3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 41:** As Row 39.
 * Row 42:** [P3,k3] 3 times, p3, k6, p5, k6, p3, k3, p3, k6, p5, k6, p3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 43:** [P3,k3] 3 times, k3, p6, k5, p6, k3, p3, k3, p6, k5, p6, k3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 44:** [K3,p3] 3 times, p3, k6, p8, C6F, p3, C6B, p8, k6, p3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 45:** [P3,k3] 3 times, k3, p6, k8, p6, k3, p6, k8, p6, k3, [k3,p3] 3 times.
 * Row 46:** [K3,p3] 3 times, p3, C6B, p8, k6, p3, k6, p8, C6B, p3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 47:** As Row 45.
 * Row 48:** [K3,p3] 3 times, p3, k6, p8, k6, p3, k6, p8, k6, p3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Row 49:** [K3,p3] 3 times, k3, p6, k8, p6, k3, p6, k8, p6, k3, [p3,k3] 3 times.
 * Rows 2 to 49 form Cable Panel pat.**
 * Box Stitch Back:**
 * Row 1 (right side):** K3, [p3,k3] to end of row.
 * Row 2:** P3, [k3,p3] to end of row.
 * Row 3:** As Row 1.
 * Row 4:** As Row 2.
 * Row 5:** As Row 1.
 * Row 6:** As Row 2.
 * Row 7:** P3, [k3,p3] to end of row.
 * Row 8:** K3, [p3,k3] to end of row.
 * Row 9:** As Row 7.
 * Row 10:** As Row 8.
 * Row 11:** As Row 7.
 * Row 12:** As Row 8.
 * These 12 rows form Box St pat.**

With tapestry needle and right sides together, sew front to back, leaving open along 1 edge. Insert pillow form; sew rem edge. Wrap rem yarn around cardboard 30 times. With needle, thread short length of yarn through loops along 1 edge of cardboard and tightly tie to form top of tassel; cut loops along rem edge. Approx 2.5 cm/1 in from top, tightly wind length around all strands and tie. Repeat to make 4 tassels; sew 1 to each corner of pillow cover. 0 commentsNewest to oldestOldest to newestMost thumbs upNo comments yet. first prev [|next][|last]
 * To finish:**
 * Tassel (make 4):**

=bend a bone with vinager= =﻿you will need=
 * A jar large enough to fit a chicken bone
 * A chicken bone - a leg or "drumstick" bone works best
 * Vinegar

=﻿what to do= So what happened? What is so special about vinegar that it can make a hard bone squishy? Vinegar is considered a mild acid, but it is strong enough to dissolve away the calcium in the bone. Once the calcium is dissolved, there is nothing to keep the bone hard - all that is left is the soft bone tissue. Now you know why your mom is always trying to get you to drink milk - the calcium in milk goes to our bones to make our bones stronger. With some effort and you can really get the bone to bend. The project above is a **DEMONSTRATION**. To make it a true experiment, you can try to answer these questions: **1.** Does the length of time the bone is in vinegar affect how much the bone bends? **2.** Do smaller size bones become "bendy" sooner? **3.** Do different types of vinegar affect how bendy bones become ?
 * 1.**
 * 2.** Rinse off the bone in running water to remove any meat from the bone.
 * 3.**
 * 4.**
 * 5.**



|| **1.** Use your fingers to press on one end of the straw to flatten it - the flatter the better. **2.** Cut the flattened end of the straw into a point (see below).
 * [[image:http://www.sciencebob.com/graphics/watch_straw.gif width="233" height="122" align="right" link="http://www.sciencebob.com/experiments/videos/video-straw_call.php"]][[image:http://www.sciencebob.com/graphics/youwillneed.gif width="233" height="75"]]
 * One plastic straw from your kitchen or local fast food restaurant
 * Scissors
 * Lungs (don't worry you already have them)

**3.** Flatten it out again real good. **4.** Now take a deep breath, put the pointed end of the straw in your mouth and blow hard into the straw. If all goes well you should hear a somewhat silly sound coming from the straw. The smaller you are, the harder it may be to get a good sound - sometimes adults can get more of a sound thanks to their bigger lungs. If you still have trouble, try flattening it out some more or cutting the straw in half.
 * 5.** Don't stop there - try cutting the straw different sizes to see how the sound changes, or make another identical straw and add the pointed end of the new straw to the uncut end of the first straw (to make the first straw longer) The sound will be very different, (more like a moose call!) and you will have to blow even harder, but give it a try.

This is science? It sure is. You see all sounds come from vibrations. That little triangle that you cut in the straw forced the two pieces of the point to VIBRATE very fast against each other when you blew through the straw. Those vibrations from your breath going through the straw created that strange duck-like sound that you heard. Now you will never be bored again when you go to a fast food restaurant! Have fun! The project above is a **DEMONSTRATION**. To make it a true experiment, you can try to answer these questions: **1.** Which size straw call sound the most like a duck? **2.** Which length of straw is the easiest to get a sound? Which is the hardest? **3.** Does the diameter of the straw affect the sound it produces?

|||| || || **1.** Cool huh? Nothing like a little chemistry to to add fun to a boring afternoon. What happens inside the bag is actually pretty interesting - the baking soda and the vinegar eventually mix (the tissue buys you some time to zip the bag shut) When they do mix, you create an ACID-BASE reaction and the two chemicals work together to create a gas, (carbon dioxide - the stuff we breathe out) well it turns out gasses need a lot of room and the carbon dioxide starts to fill the bag, and keeps filling the bag until the bag can no longer hold it any more and, POP! Be sure to clean up well and recycle those plastic bags...have fun! The project above is a **DEMONSTRATION**. To make it a true experiment, you can try to answer these questions: **1.** Will different temperature water affect how fast the bag inflates?
 * [[image:http://www.sciencebob.com/graphics/youwillneed.gif width="233" height="75"]]
 * One small (sandwich size) zip-lock bag - freezer bags work best.
 * Baking soda
 * Warm water
 * Vinegar
 * Measuring cup
 * A tissue
 * 2.**
 * 3.**
 * 4.**
 * 5.**__completely__
 * 6.**[[image:http://www.sciencebob.com/graphics/howdoesitwork.gif width="233" height="75"]]
 * 2.** What amount of baking soda creates the best reaction?
 * 3.** Which size bag creates the fastest pop?

|| || **1.** Remove any labels from your bottle so that you can watch the action. **2.** Fill the bottle __to the very top__ with water. **3.** Place a small pea-size piece of modeling clay at the end of the point on the pen cap. (see drawing)
 * [[image:http://www.sciencebob.com/graphics/youwillneed.gif width="233" height="75"]]
 * A clear ONE liter plastic soda bottle and cap (not the big 2 liter bottle)
 * A ball point pen cap that does not have holes in it
 * Some modeling clay ("sculpey" works too)

**4.** Slowly place the pen cap into the bottle, modeling clay end first. (some water will spill out - that's okay) __It should just barely float__. If it sinks take some clay away. If it floats too much add more clay. >> Impressive, but how does it work? This eaxperiment is all about DENSITY. When you squeeze the bottle, the air bubble in the pen cap compresses (gets smaller) and that makes it more dense than the water around it. When this happens, the pen sinks. When you stop squeezing, the bubble gets bigger again, the water is forced out of the cap, and the pen cap rises. >> **If it doesn't work:** play around with the amount of clay and be sure the bottle is filled to the very top before putting on the cap. >> **Soy Sauce Diver:** That's right, next time you go to your local Chinese Food restaurant, ask for a packet of soy sauce (the kind they use for take out orders) Don't open it - just put it in the bottle the same way instead of the pen cap. When you squeeze the bottle the air bubble inside the packet compresses and become more dense. The bubble in the packet makes it rise and fall just like the pen cap. This sometimes works with ketchup and mustard packs too. Have fun! The project above is a **DEMONSTRATION**. To make it a true experiment, you can try to answer these questions: **1.** Does the size of the bottle affect how hard you have to squeeze the make the diver sink?
 * 5.** Now screw on the bottle cap nice and tight.
 * 6.** Now for the fun part. You can make the pen cap rise and fall at your command. Squeeze the bottle hard - the pen cap sinks...stop squeezing and the pen cap rises. With a little practice, you can even get it to stop right in the middle.
 * 2.** Does it matter if the bottle is not filled all the way with water?
 * 3.** Does the temperature of the water affect the density of the the diver? ||